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Polillo, Quezon

Coordinates: 14°43′N 121°57′E / 14.72°N 121.95°E / 14.72; 121.95
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the municipality. For the island, see Polillo Island.
Polillo
Municipality
Municipality of Polillo
Beach on Balesin Island
Beach on Balesin Island
Flag of Polillo
Flag
Official seal of Polillo
Seal
Map of Quezon with Polillo highlighted
Map of Quezon with Polillo highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Map
Polillo is located in Philippines
Polillo
Polillo
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°43′N 121°57′E / 14.72°N 121.95°E / 14.72; 121.95
CountryPhilippines
RegionCalabarzon
ProvinceQuezon
District 1st district
FoundedMarch 18, 1587[1]
Barangays20 (see Barangays)
Government
 [2]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • mayor of Polillo[*]Angelique E. Bosque
 • Vice MayorLoel F. Santoalla
 • RepresentativeWilfrido Mark M. Enverga
 • Municipal Council
Members
 • Electorate20,692 voters (2022)
Area
[3]
 • Total253.00 km2 (97.68 sq mi)
Elevation
40 m (130 ft)
Highest elevation
178 m (584 ft)
Lowest elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[4]
 • Total31,908
 • Density130/km2 (330/sq mi)
 • Households
7,939
Demonym(s)Polillohin
Polillians
Economy
 • Income class3rd municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence
21.09
% (2021)[5]
 • Revenue₱ 158.4 million (2020)
 • Assets₱ 463.9 million (2020)
 • Expenditure₱ 122.7 million (2020)
 • Liabilities₱ 104.4 million (2020)
Service provider
 • ElectricityQuezon 2 Electric Cooperative (QUEZELCO 2)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
4339
PSGC
045636000
IDD : area code +63 (0)42
Native languagesTagalog
Websitewww.polilloquezon.com

Polillo, officially the Municipality of Polillo (Tagalog: Bayan ng Polillo), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Quezon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 31,908 people.[4]

It is located on the southern part of the eponymous Polillo Island fronting the Philippine Sea and its jurisdiction also includes Balesin Island in Lamon Bay (14°25′30″N 122°02′15″E / 14.42500°N 122.03750°E / 14.42500; 122.03750).

Etymology

[edit]

Padre Morga wrote that Polillo originated from the Chinese word "Pulilu," which means a beautiful island with plenty of food. It was home to a native barangay-state also known as Pulilu, recorded as such in Chinese chronicles. The island was mentioned as being politically connected to the nation of Sandao, itself a vassal state to the nation of Ma-i. Due to language difficulties, a Spanish friar by the name Padre Domingo eventually changed the name from Pu Li Lu to Polillo.

History

[edit]
Aerial view of Polillo, 1933

Pre-Spanish period

[edit]

Trade relations between the natives of the Polillo Islands and Chinese merchants existed long before the Spaniards came to the archipelago. Trade was a conglomeration of Malay-Hindu-Chinese-Tagalog peoples.

Spanish colonization and early settlement

[edit]

When Juan de Salcedo, a Spanish conquistador, came to Polillo in 1567, he saw a central government fully organized through the Balangay, with a datu who had a direct supervision and control over all the natives. The inhabitants lived in nipa huts.

In 1571, the Spaniards took hold of the islands of Pu Li Lu. Through the leadership of Padre Domingo, a Spanish friar, a chapel was built, where the old Spanish church was later constructed. After one and a half years, the people, through forced labor built a concrete wall to protect the "pueblo" of Pu Li Lu from Moro pirate invaders. Watchtowers called "castillos" were erected in the four corners of the pueblo.

The church was constructed in 1577. Boulders, gravel, and sand were mixed with lime produced out of seashells and coral stones. Padre Domingo instigated the planting of sugarcane in San Isidro, San Antonio and San Francisco. Production of molasses was put into full swing.

Foundation

[edit]

Spanish conquistadors were assigned to the "pueblo" of Pu Li Lu to promote church construction. The church tower was constructed with priority, so that in 1587, in the early summer of May, two huge bronze bells rang atop. Due to language problems, Padre Domingo changed the name from Pu Li Lu to Polillo.

However, there is inconsistency regarding Polillo's foundation, with some sources and the municipal government claiming it was established as a town in 1587 when the church bells were first rung, while others indicate that it was formally founded as an independent town in 1635 by Franciscan missionaries.

In 1609, Polillo was part of the encomienda of Don Francisco Morante de Nueva. Initially, it served as a visita of Binangonan de Lampon (now Infanta). In 1635, Polillo was officially separated from Binangonan de Lampon and established as an independent town by Franciscan missionaries, with Fray Jose S. de Bernardino appointed as its first leader. In 1658, the town was transferred to the Augustinian Recollects, who managed it until 1703, after which the Franciscan missionaries resumed administration. Polillo served as the seat of government under Spanish rule for the Polillo Islands, with the present-day towns of Burdeos, Panukulan, Patnanungan, and Jomalig once being part of Polillo as barrios.[6]

World War II

[edit]

In 1942, Imperial Japanese forces landed in Polillo to occupy it during World War II.

In 1945, troops of the 5th and 52nd Infantry Divisions of the Philippine Commonwealth Army landed in Polillo. The Battle of Polillo Island ensued, resulting in the defeat of the Japanese.

Contemporary history

[edit]

On June 18, 1961, barrios such as Bucal, Casuguran, Gango, and Talisoy on Jomalig Island were separated from Polillo to become a separate municipal district named Jumalig (Jomalig) by virtue of Republic Act No. 3372.[7]

In 1987, three weeks before the April 18 coup attempt against the national government, cadres of the New People's Army (NPA) attacked the Philippine Constabulary detachment in Polillo Island.[8]

In recent years, government-funded infrastructures were built and private investments in hotel, resorts, services, and utilities increased.

On March 26, 2021, two NPA members surrendered to government forces in Barangay Salipsip.[9] On February 21, 2022, the Armed Forces of the Philippines fought an armed encounter with the New People's Army in Barangay Binitbitinan. The NPA eventually withdrew.[10]

Geography

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Polillo is located about 29 kilometers (18 mi) off the eastern coast of Luzon. It is bounded by municipality of Panukulan in the northwest and the municipality of Burdeos in the northeastern side of the island. Lamon Bay bounds it at the south, east and west. It is 24 kilometers (15 mi) east of the municipality of Infanta and 27 kilometers (17 mi) east of the municipality of Real. It can be reached by motorboats more or less three hours via Real-Polillo in the Ungos Port and a little bit shorter via, Infanta-Polillo through Infanta Municipal Fish Port.

Barangays

[edit]

Polillo is politically subdivided into 20 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

  • Anawan
  • Atulayan
  • Balesin
  • Bañadero
  • Binibitinan
  • Bislian
  • Bucao
  • Canicanian
  • Kalubakis
  • Languyin
  • Libjo
  • Pamatdan
  • Pilion
  • Pinaglubayan
  • Poblacion
  • Sabang
  • Salipsip
  • Sibulan
  • Taluong
  • Tamulaya-Anibong

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Polillo, Quezon
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 26
(79) 		27
(81) 		28
(82) 		30
(86) 		31
(88) 		30
(86) 		29
(84) 		29
(84) 		29
(84) 		29
(84) 		28
(82) 		26
(79) 		29
(83)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 22
(72) 		21
(70) 		22
(72) 		23
(73) 		24
(75) 		25
(77) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		23
(73) 		22
(72) 		23
(74)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 40
(1.6) 		33
(1.3) 		35
(1.4) 		38
(1.5) 		138
(5.4) 		190
(7.5) 		242
(9.5) 		216
(8.5) 		224
(8.8) 		200
(7.9) 		114
(4.5) 		94
(3.7) 		1,564
(61.6)
Average rainy days 12.2 9.0 11.0 11.7 21.5 24.0 27.2 26.1 26.8 22.3 16.3 15.1 223.2
Source: Meteoblue[11]

Demographics

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Population census of Polillo
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 2,164—    
1918 4,245+4.59%
1939 8,084+3.11%
1948 7,576−0.72%
1960 11,978+3.89%
1970 16,721+3.39%
1975 20,058+3.72%
1980 20,565+0.50%
1990 23,183+1.21%
1995 24,626+1.14%
2000 24,105−0.46%
2007 27,912+2.04%
2010 28,125+0.28%
2015 30,582+1.61%
2020 31,908+0.84%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[12][13][14][15]

Economy

[edit]

Poverty incidence of Polillo

10
20
30
40
2006
36.50
2009
26.97
2012
30.79
2015
24.54
2018
10.74
2021
21.09

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]

Festivities

[edit]

The town of Polillo is celebrating its founding anniversary every March 18 more than 400 years ago. The celebration last for at least three days. Starting from March 17, there are different celebrations held in the town proper including the "Gabi ng Parangal" (Coronation Night) of the Town's Beauty, Binibining Polillo and all the ladies representing different barangays.

March 18 is the most awaited day of the celebration where a big parade can be seen by all the natives and guest. The "Parada" includes all the schools, non-government organizations, local government units, all the barangay participants and more. The most awaited groups in the parade are the "Banda" - School Bands - from different schools and school levels. Celebration will continue until night fall with the "Sayawan" at the town plaza.

March 19 is the Feast of St. Joseph, the Patron Saint of the town. The celebration starts from a procession together with all the patron saints of all the sitios and barangays and all devotees of Saint Joseph. Including all the sitio's and barangay's patron saints in the procession is known as "dapit". Many believes that this celebration of the Feast of Saint Joseph plays big part from the town's safety against nature disaster specially typhoons. It has something to do with the church history where those saints served as protector along the region. Devotees of St. Joseph now turns the old "St. Joseph Parish" into "Prelature Shrine of St. Joseph" as ordered by Infanta Bishop Rolando Tria Tirona in 2010.

Travel

[edit]

Getting to Polillo from Manila takes around six hours of travel by land and by sea. The first segment of the trip involves travelling to Ungos Port in Real, Quezon via the Pililla-Famy-Real Road. Marikina-Infanta Highway is also another route to Ungos Port. Raymond Bus, with its terminal located along Legarda Street, Manila, has regular scheduled trips to Real, Quezon.

There are two regular boat trips from Real to Polillo. The first trip usually leaves at 7:30 AM PHT as the bus passengers coming from Lucena and Manila try to catch it up. The next boat leaves at 10:00 AM. The boats are outrigger types powered with a surplus truck engine. The return trips from Polillo are at 5:00 AM and 1:00 PM.[24] The trip from Ungos Port to Polillo usually takes three hours.

There are passenger ferries that depart from Dinahican Port in Infanta to Barangay Macnit in Polillo.[25]

There are also boat trips to Balesin Island and Polillo from Atimonan's port.

There are also passenger ferries from Real, Quezon. These ferries are divided into two categories by the locals: “Roros” and “fastcrafts”

See also

[edit]

References

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  1. ^ "Lenie Portucela". Facebook.
  2. ^  Municipality of Polillo | (DILG)
  3. ^ "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  4. ^ a b Census of Population (2020). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  5. ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  6. ^ "Municipal Profile". Polillo, Quezon. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  7. ^ Republic Act No. 3372 (18 June 1961), An Act Creating the Municipal District of Jumalig in the Province of Quezon, Supreme Court E-Library, retrieved 17 May 2024
  8. ^ "The Final Report of the Fact-Finding Commission: IV: Military Intervention in the Philippines: 1986 – 1987 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 3 October 1990. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  9. ^ Mallari Jr., Delfin T. (27 March 2021). "5 alleged NPA rebels surrender in Laguna, Rizal, Quezon". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  10. ^ Mallari Jr., Delfin T. (22 February 2022). "Alleged NPA slain in Quezon clash". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  11. ^ "Polillo: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
  12. ^ Census of Population (2015). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  13. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  14. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  15. ^ "Province of Quezon". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  16. ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  17. ^ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
  18. ^ "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 23 March 2009.
  19. ^ "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
  20. ^ "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
  21. ^ "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 10 July 2019.
  22. ^ "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  23. ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  24. ^ "Tourist Destinations". Official Website of Polillo, Quezon. Archived from the original on 12 October 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
  25. ^ "Camping in Polillo Island". Bahay Campina. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
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